ABSTRACT
Children under five years of age constitute approximately 15% of the country's total population and are the most vulnerable section of the society and suffer from highest morbidity. A Prospective study was conducted to find out the magnitude of morbidity in under five children in rural area and its association with various socio-environmental factors. 206 under-fives (134 Males & 72 Females) were followed monthly for a period of one year. The annual incidence rate of morbidity (Acute spells of illness) was 4.6 episodes /child /year. The leading causes of morbidity in decreasing order of incidence were - acute respiratory infections, diarrheal diseases, skin infections and fever. Episodes of illness were observed more during infancy, in females, malnourished and in children living in over-crowded and poorly ventilated houses. An inverse relationship of the morbidity and socio-economic status of the families was also observed. However, no association of morbidity was observed with parental literacy, location of Kitchen, type of excreta disposal and Infant feeding practices.
ABSTRACT
The present study was conducted to find out the magnitude of overweight, obesity and hypertension among rural adults of Jammu and whether there exists an association of overweight/obesity with age, sex, physical activity & hypertension. Adults > 30 years with sample size 2216 were studied. Prevalence of obesity was 2.21% with females 3.35%: males 1.02%. Prevalence of overweight was 9.70% with females 11.63%: males 7.68%. A strong association between obesity/overweight and gender was found (p value <.000004). An increase in prevalence of obese & Overweight persons with age upto 59yrs. & 49yrs. respectively in both the sexes, declining thereafter; but this association with age was not statistically significant.Prevalence of hypertension was13% ; females 14.71%: males 11.19% showing a strong association between gender and hypertension (p value <.02). An increase in prevalence of hypertension with age(from 30-39yrs. to >/=?60yrs) from 6.67% to 37.78% in females (p value <.0001) & 4.5% to 18.69% in males (p value <.00001), showing a strong association between hypertension and age in both the sexes. Proportion of obese & overweight persons was higher in sedentary workers when compared with that in moderate and heavy workers, results being statistically significant (p value <.01). An increasing proportion of hypertensives from 10.91% to 29.30% to 48.98% respectively among persons with “normal BMI” to “Overweight” to “Obese” was found showing highly significant association between BMI and Hypertension (p value <.000001).
ABSTRACT
Five thousand rural adults (aged IS years and above) were studied to find out role of socIal vanabies in the occurrence of tuberculosis in seven villages of R.S.Pura tehsil of Jammu district. During this cross-sectonial study, 25 tubercular cases were found in the adult rural population. Out of 25 cases. 16 were found in the age group of below 45 years and only 9 cases were above -45 years. Men were affected more than women. Smoking and overcrowding were found to be important social factor, significantly related to the higher prevalence or disease. The other social variables like occupation. Ilteracy, socio-economic status and family size were not found to be slglllficantly related to the prevalence of tuberculosIs in thls study.